The specialty of Otolaryngology is a diverse clinical discipline that deals with disorders involving the Head & Neck region, primarily diseases afflicting the Ear, Nose and Throat (ENT). In the past few decades, the specialty has grown in scope and depth, mainly fueled by the expansion of knowledge and advances in biomedical technology.

The introduction and popularization of operating microscopes and endoscopic techniques from the late 1950s through to 1990s has enabled ENT surgeons to clearly visualize and operate on anatomical areas previously difficult to access.

The ENT surgeon is therefore a doctor who specializes in evaluating and treating patients with ear, nose (including sinuses) and throat (including voice and speech) disorders. In addition, they also manage patients with head and neck cancers as well as surgical treatment of obstructive sleep apnea.